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how to use, maintain and dispose of batteries depending on type.
What can I do In order to ensure good battery life?
is it recommended to recharging the battery only when it is fully discharged?
or the opposite , that it is recommended to never let my battery fully discharged?
“What can I do to keep my batteries longer?” many people ask,
this summary about batteries recommendation , can help you to prolong battery life .
Because of similarities within systems, we can speak about 3 chemistries types : lead, nickel and lithium.
and this Table display how to give proper attention for each :
how to use, maintain and dispose of batteries:
Battery care | Lead acid: Flooded, sealed, gel, AGM | Nickel-based: | Lithium-ion: Cobalt, manganese, NMC |
Best way | Apply saturated charge to prevent sulfation; can remain on charge with correct float voltage. | Avoid getting battery too hot on charge. Do not leave battery in charger for more than a few days Subject to memory. | Partial and random charge is fine; does not need full charge; lower voltage limit preferred; keep battery cool. |
Charge methods | Constant voltage to 2.40–2.45/cell, float | Constant current, NiCd can be fast charged without stress; trickle charge at 0.05C. | Constant voltage to 4.20V/cell; no trickle charge; battery can |
Discharge | Can endure high peak currents. Avoid full discharges. Charge after each use. | Do not over-discharge with a heavy load; cell reversal causes short. Avoid full discharges. | Prevent full cycles, apply some charge after a full discharge to keep the protection circuit alive. |
How to prolong battery | Limit deep cycling; do not deep-cycle starter battery. Apply fully saturation charge. Avoid heat. | Discharge batteries that are in regular use (mainly NiCd) to 1V/cell every 1–3 months to prevent memory. | Keep cool. Operate in mid SoC of 20–80%. Prevent ultra-fast charging and high loads (most Li-ion) |
| Transport | Flooded: Class 8 restrictions, provide “corrosive” label. Non-spillable: Class 8 exempt. | Prevent short by placing battery in clear plastic bag. See BU-704: How to Transport Batteries | Loose cell under Section II must be shipped at 30% state-of-charge. See BU-704a Shipping Lithium-based Batteries |
Storage | Keep cells at >2.05V. Apply topping charge every 6 months to prevent sulfation. | Store in cool place; NiCd stores for 5 years; prime before use | Store at 40% charge in cool place (40% SoC reads 3.75–3.80V/cell). Do not go below 2.0V/cell. |
Disposal | Toxic. Do not dispose. Electrolyte corrosive. Profitable to recycle. | NiCd: Do not dispose. | Low toxicity. Can be disposed in low volume. Best to recycle. |
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